How to Choose Between 12V and 24V Linear Actuator

Alt: A picture of a Hydraulic Electric Linear Actuator 24V

Picture this: an automated system in a packaging plant struggles to meet production deadlines because its linear actuators can't keep up. The cause? An underpowered actuator failing to deliver the required speed and precision.

Whether in solar panel tracking or mobile robotics, choosing between linear actuators 12V and linear actuators 24V isn't just about specs—it’s about getting the right performance and reliability for your application.

Choosing between a 12V electric linear actuator and a 24V electric linear actuator can have lasting effects on your system’s efficiency, reliability, and costs.

Below, we delve into the key differences and what makes each voltage ideal for specific uses.

What Is an Electric Linear Actuator and How Does It Work?

Alt: A picture of a High Force Electric Linear Actuator

To define an actuator in its simplest form, it's a component that converts energy into motion. In this case, a linear actuator takes electrical energy and turns it into straight-line motion. That’s why electric linear actuators are fundamental in systems requiring controlled, repeatable positioning, from lab automation to warehouse robotics.

The inner mechanics vary. Many electric actuators operate using a DC motor, connected to a gear system or lead screw that drives the motion. This is how a linear actuator electric motor pushes or pulls a load along a guided path.

The design also determines the precision. Whether it's a reciprocating cycle linear actuator pushing force system for heavy loads or a mini linear actuator for compact applications, understanding internal drive types—belt-driven, ball screw, or telescopic—makes all the difference. These configurations offer unique advantages depending on whether you're after speed, load capacity, or spatial efficiency.

These actuators are also available in different voltages and designs to support applications such as standing desks, medical devices, and robotic arms. The evolution of linear actuators electric has made them integral to automation systems where manual control is no longer efficient or safe.

For demanding applications, JLCMC's compact guide-rail embedded actuators, like the JTH5B or JTH8B, provide speed and stability in installations where space is at a premium.

Why Voltage Ratings Matter in Linear Actuators

Voltage isn’t just a technical detail—it’s central to how your linear actuator performs. In essence, voltage influences the speed, torque, and efficiency of your motion system.

Linear actuator 12V models are often favored in portable or off-grid settings, especially when paired with battery-powered automation. This makes them ideal for applications like solar panel tracking or mobile robot arms. But their higher current draw can be a limiting factor.

In contrast, linear actuators 24V draw less current for the same mechanical load. That means thinner wires, less heat, and better performance over long distances. It also enhances safety and minimizes voltage drops in high-cycle use.

If your system uses a linear actuator controller or needs integration with PLCs, 24V options typically provide smoother compatibility, especially for applications that require position feedback.

Voltage ratings also influence the actuator's compatibility with accessories like a linear actuator with remote, or integration with smart home and industrial IoT systems. Understanding this relationship is crucial when designing systems that use electromechanical linear actuators or industrial electric actuators.

Whether you're automating a lab process or controlling a factory floor, voltage choice should be considered alongside stroke length, load requirements, and cycle expectations.

12V Linear Actuator vs 24V Current Draw Comparison

Current draw isn’t just about energy consumption—it shapes how the entire system is wired and cooled. Under identical mechanical loads, a 12-volt electric linear actuator consumes nearly twice the current of a 24V unit.

This means you’ll need thicker gauge wires, which are not only more expensive but also harder to install, especially in mobile or space-constrained setups. Higher current also increases heat buildup in connectors and power supplies, affecting the system’s lifespan.

Systems that involve a linear actuator with controller units benefit more from 24V setups due to better electrical efficiency. And if you're designing for solar power, autonomous vehicles, or agricultural equipment, this current draw becomes a primary design concern.

In applications where a linear actuator 12V 1000 lbs of force is required, that higher current can create design and safety challenges. Using 24V options not only mitigates that but also extends actuator lifespan.

If you’re working on battery-powered applications, this comparison can help you balance runtime, efficiency, and maintenance. Consider this closely in system planning for micro linear actuators or heavy-duty linear actuators.

In short, the 12V linear actuator vs 24V current draw comparison heavily leans in favor of 24V for energy efficiency and system scalability.

Speed Difference Between 12V and 24V Electric Actuators

Alt: A picture of a Small Linear Actuator 12V / 24V DC

Speed can be the difference between hitting cycle targets and falling behind. While both 12V and 24V electric linear actuators can be tailored for specific strokes and loads, 24V systems generally move faster.

A high-speed linear actuator in a 24V setup allows quicker cycles and shorter response times—ideal for tasks like conveyor direction changes or robotic part positioning. This is particularly useful in environments where throughput defines profitability.

Units like the JTH8B, with their rail-embedded design, demonstrate how structural rigidity enhances speed without sacrificing accuracy.

In high-speed scenarios, components like linear actuators, servo or linear actuators stepper motor configurations offer enhanced responsiveness. When paired with a linear actuator motor engineered for torque balance, 24V options also reduce wear and improve repeatability, making them a top choice for precision-dependent setups.

Whether you're working on linear actuator belt-driven designs or using a linear actuator kit in automated testing equipment, cycle time and motion smoothness often depend on the actuator voltage.

Which Is More Energy Efficient – 12V or 24V Linear Actuator?

Energy efficiency isn’t just about power savings—it directly impacts heat output, wire longevity, and system stability. Electric actuators linear with 24V inputs tend to perform better in all of these categories.

That’s because 24V systems draw less current, reducing heat and voltage loss. Over time, this adds up, especially in applications like solar tracking actuators or 24/7 inspection systems. With less heat stress on components, maintenance intervals are extended, and uptime increases.

Linear actuators heavy-duty installations benefit most, as these often run in demanding cycles or harsh environments where energy efficiency correlates with durability. And for mobile systems that rely on DC storage, like autonomous farming rigs or remote sensors, lower consumption means fewer charge cycles.

Additionally, energy-efficient actuators extend the life of your linear actuator motor and reduce strain on supporting components like actuator controllers and wiring infrastructure.

Systems using miniature linear actuators or small linear actuators 12V will also gain from optimizing for current and heat profiles, especially in enclosed or sensitive environments.

All said, if you’re asking which is more energy efficient, a 12V or 24V linear actuator, the answer usually leans 24V, particularly in continuous-use environments.

Want energy-efficient actuation that holds up under constant duty cycles? View our Full Rail-Embedded Linear Actuator Series

Best Application Areas for 12V and 24V Electric Linear Actuators

Alt: A picture of a 12V DC Linear Actuator

When selecting between linear actuators 12V and linear actuators 24V, real-world use cases offer the best guidance. Voltage isn’t just an engineering number—it’s a performance boundary.

A linear actuator 12V works best in mobile, portable, or off-grid applications where AC power isn’t readily available. These setups benefit from 12V’s compatibility with battery systems and its ability to be used in compact electrical layouts. In contrast, a linear actuator 24V handles industrial-grade cycles with ease, managing higher forces, faster speeds, and longer wiring runs with greater energy efficiency.

Voltage selection should never be isolated from environment, load, or frequency. A 12V might suit a trailer door lift, while a 24V is the better fit for a packaging robot that cycles 3,000 times a day. Think in terms of workflow demands—will your electric linear actuator be idle more often than active, or will it run continuously?

Your answer should point you toward the voltage and actuator type that fits.

Where 12V Linear Actuators Excel

Linear actuator 12V models are built for independence. These actuators thrive in setups that aren’t connected to grid power—think solar-powered applications, mobile machinery, or compact automation. Their low-voltage nature makes them safer in mobile platforms and easier to integrate into battery-driven systems.

Common uses include:

• Solar panel tilting systems
• Small-scale agricultural machinery
• Autonomous mobile robots
• Trailer lifts and vehicle-based accessories

Because they work seamlessly with 12V battery systems, 12-volt actuators are ideal where portability and simplicity matter. You’ll find them in utility service vehicles, automated RV components, and even DIY robotics.

They may not deliver the same peak force or speed as their 24V counterparts, but for off-grid use and budget-sensitive applications, they remain a reliable choice.

When to Choose 24V Electric Linear Actuators

If your system requires higher force, faster motion, or extended daily duty cycles, then a linear actuator 24V is the clear choice. These actuators draw less current for the same work, reduce heat buildup, and offer better scalability for larger automation systems.

Typical applications include:

Automated packaging or sorting machines

Material handling systems with repetitive cycles

Industrial manipulators requiring fine control

High-frequency motion systems in assembly lines

JLCMC’s aluminum enclosed actuators are built for these tough environments, delivering both rigidity and thermal stability. Their guide rail embedded linear actuators—like the JTH5B and JTH8B—provide high-speed, accurate motion even in confined spaces.

Whether you’re upgrading a factory cell or building out a custom automation line, 24V electric linear actuators offer the long-term performance needed for commercial-grade reliability.

Key Factors to Consider When Selecting 12V or 24V

Choosing between linear actuator 12V and linear actuator 24V systems involves more than matching voltage to load. Think about your system as a whole. What kind of cycles will it run? How long will the wiring be? Will you need remote actuation or feedback loops?

Key selection criteria include:

• Power source: Is it battery-based or fixed AC?
• Cycle frequency: How many strokes per day?
• Load and stroke length: Will the actuator move light or heavy objects over short or long distances?
• Wiring length and temperature: Can your design manage voltage drops or heat buildup?

If your project involves a linear actuator with position feedback or needs tight integration with PLC controllers, the 24V electric actuator is better suited. However, in small, remote applications—such as miniature linear actuators in mobile robotics—12V can be the right call.

The key is matching actuator specifications not just to the load, but to the environment and long-term cycle expectations.

Where to Buy Trusted 12V and 24V Electric Linear Actuators

Choosing the right electric linear actuator begins with choosing a manufacturer you trust. JLCMC offers a wide portfolio of actuators designed for 24V systems—each built with reliability, scalability, and performance in mind.

Looking for fast, guided motion in constrained setups? The embedded guide rail series delivers smooth, high-speed travel for demanding pick-and-place or testing systems.

Need something rugged and long-lasting? JLCMC’s aluminum enclosed models offer protection against heat and debris, making them ideal for heavy-duty electric actuators in factory settings.

No matter your voltage preference or application type—solar, robotic, or industrial—reliable brands offer more than just parts. They offer performance peace of mind. Investing in a proven linear actuator means fewer breakdowns, less downtime, and longer operational life.

Final Thoughts

When weighing the pros and cons of linear actuator 12V vs linear actuators 24V, it’s clear the right choice hinges on your application, not just specs.

12V electric linear actuators shine in mobile, compact, or battery-driven systems where power sources are limited and control is decentralized.

They’re easy to integrate and widely used in consumer-level projects, DIY linear actuator kits, and off-grid solutions like solar tilting mechanisms.

24V linear actuators, on the other hand, are the go-to for high-speed linear actuator setups, industrial controls, and larger systems that demand more efficiency. Lower current draw and reduced heat make them ideal for electric linear actuators heavy-duty use or installations with long wiring distances.

Ultimately, understanding how a linear actuator works, how voltage impacts system behavior, and how much load your application will handle is key. Whether you're powering a linear actuator for standing desk, a robotics arm, or an agricultural boom arm, knowing the tradeoffs will help you design smarter and scale better.

If you're still unsure, use a linear actuator calculator or talk to an engineer. The right voltage—and the right actuator type—can make or break your system.

Not sure which actuator suits your setup? At JLCMC, we stock rail-embedded and aluminum-enclosed options for 24-volt usage and applications.

FAQs

What is the difference between 12V and 24V linear actuators?

The main difference lies in current draw and energy efficiency. A 12V linear actuator requires more current than a 24V actuator to produce the same output, which affects wiring design, battery life, and long-term power efficiency.

Additionally, linear actuators 24V often deliver higher speeds, better heat management, and lower voltage drop, making them ideal for continuous or industrial use. If your setup involves longer wiring or high-cycle automation, 24V will typically be the better fit.

How many amps does a 12V linear actuator draw?

It depends on the actuator’s speed, load, and design. A typical linear actuator 12V model draws between 2 and 12 amps under load, though heavy-duty linear actuators may require more.

When specifying a 12V system, ensure your power supply and wiring can handle the amperage to avoid voltage sag, overheating, or premature wear. Use a linear actuator calculator if available to fine-tune your setup for efficiency and safety.

What are the 4 types of linear actuators?

The four main types include:

• Belt-driven linear actuators: optimized for speed
• Lead screw actuators: balance between force and precision
• Telescopic actuators: ideal for compact extension needs
• Rod-style electric actuators: durable and commonly used in industrial applications

You may also encounter ball screw linear actuators, known for their precision and efficiency in heavy-load environments. The right type depends on speed, space, and load requirements of your specific system.

How to choose the right linear actuator?

Start by identifying four key variables: load, stroke length, cycle frequency, and power supply. Once defined, match them to actuator options—whether it’s a linear actuator with remote, a servo-based actuator, or a linear actuator with position feedback for real-time precision.

Also, consider your power source. For battery-driven or mobile use, a 12V linear actuator may suffice. For high-frequency, scalable control with integration into PLCs or automation systems, a 24V electric actuator is often more efficient and future-proof.

Bibliography / References

• Dihool. "How to Choose the Electric Actuator? 12V Linear Actuator or 24V Linear Actuator? | DIHAO Electric Zhejiang Co., Ltd." China Electric Lift Table Manufacturer & Supplier - DIHOOL Electric Co., Ltd. Last modified July 31, 2025. https://www.dihool.com/lang_en/detail_897_391.
• Firgelli Automations. "Linear Actuators 101 - Everything You Need to Know About Linear Actuators." Firgelli Automations. Last modified November 16, 2018. https://www.firgelliauto.com/blogs/actuators/linear-actuators-101?srsltid=AfmBOop7jzfe3wkpdH8G33P_ZL4ALLUkETBHGh1FrXp9vpKbfEgCkB1J.
• Iqsdirectory. "Types, Uses and Features of 12-Volt Linear Actuators." OEM Manufacturers | OEM Manufacturing Companies | IQS Directory. Accessed August 2, 2025. https://www.iqsdirectory.com/articles/linear-actuator/12-volt-linear-actuators.html.
• Linak, "24V Electric Linear Actuators," accessed August 2, 2025, https://www.linak-us.com/products/linear-actuators/24v-linear-actuator/.